Diversity in Living Organisms Class 9 Science 20 Important Questions with answer

20 important questions and answers on the topic of "Diversity in Living Organisms" for Class 9 Science:

1. What is biodiversity?

Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, including the diversity of species, ecosystems, and genetic variations within species. It encompasses all living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.

2. Why is biodiversity important?

Answer: Biodiversity is crucial because it contributes to ecosystem stability, resilience, and productivity. It supports ecosystem services like pollination, nutrient cycling, and climate regulation. High biodiversity also provides resources for food, medicine, and other materials essential for human survival.

3. What are the major groups of organisms classified under the Five Kingdom Classification?

Answer: The Five Kingdom Classification system divides organisms into five kingdoms:

1. Monera - Includes bacteria and cyanobacteria.
2. Protista - Includes protozoans and algae.
3. Fungi - Includes mushrooms, yeasts, and molds.
4. Plantae - Includes all plants.
5. Animalia - Includes all animals.

4. What are the key characteristics of Kingdom Monera?

Answer: Kingdom Monera consists of unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus (prokaryotes). They have a simple cell structure with no membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria and cyanobacteria.

5. How do organisms in Kingdom Protista differ from those in Kingdom Monera?

Answer: Protists are mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They have more complex cell structures compared to Monera, which are prokaryotic and lack these features.

6. What are the three main groups of Protists?

Answer: The three main groups of Protists are:

1. Protozoa - Animal-like protists that are mostly motile.
2. Algae - Plant-like protists that perform photosynthesis.
3. Slime Molds - Fungus-like protists that can move and engulf food.

7. What are the defining features of Kingdom Fungi?

Answer: Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that absorb nutrients from their surroundings. They have a cell wall made of chitin and reproduce through spores. They can be unicellular (like yeast) or multicellular (like mushrooms).

8. What is the role of fungi in the ecosystem?

Answer: Fungi play a crucial role as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter and recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. They also form symbiotic relationships with plants (mycorrhizae) and can be sources of antibiotics and other medicines.

9. What are the main characteristics of Kingdom Plantae?

Answer: Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that perform photosynthesis using chlorophyll. They have a cell wall made of cellulose and reproduce both sexually (through seeds) and asexually (through vegetative means).

10. How are plants classified in Kingdom Plantae?

Answer: Plants are classified into various groups such as:

1. Bryophytes - Non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts.
2. Pteridophytes - Vascular, spore-producing plants like ferns.
3. Gymnosperms - Seed-producing plants with naked seeds like conifers.
4. Angiosperms - Flowering plants with seeds enclosed in fruits.

11. What distinguishes Kingdom Animalia from other kingdoms?

Answer: Kingdom Animalia consists of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are typically heterotrophic (consume other organisms for food) and lack cell walls. Animals have complex organ systems and exhibit various forms of movement.

12. What are the major phyla in Kingdom Animalia?

Answer: Major phyla in Animalia include:

1. Porifera - Sponges.
2. Cnidaria - Jellyfish, corals.
3. Platyhelminthes - Flatworms.
4. Nematoda - Roundworms.
5. Annelida - Segmented worms.
6. Arthropoda - Insects, arachnids, crustaceans.
7. Mollusca - Snails, clams.
8. Echinodermata - Starfish, sea urchins.
9. Chordata - Vertebrates and their relatives.

13. What are the different levels of biological classification?

Answer: The levels of biological classification, from broadest to most specific, are:

1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species

14. What is taxonomy?

Answer: Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms. It involves organizing species into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships.

15. What is the importance of the binomial nomenclature system?

Answer: Binomial nomenclature provides a standardized way of naming species using two names: the genus name and the species name. This system helps in accurately identifying and communicating about organisms across different regions and languages.

16. What are the key differences between monocots and dicots in angiosperms?

Answer: Monocots and dicots differ in:

• Number of Cotyledons: Monocots have one cotyledon; dicots have two.
• Leaf Venation: Monocots have parallel venation; dicots have reticulate venation.
• Root Development: Monocots typically have a fibrous root system; dicots have a taproot system.
• Flower Parts: Monocots usually have flower parts in multiples of three; dicots have flower parts in multiples of four or five.

17. What is the role of the vascular system in plants?

Answer: The vascular system in plants, consisting of xylem and phloem, is responsible for the transport of water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant. Xylem transports water and minerals from roots to other parts, while phloem distributes the products of photosynthesis.

18. How do plants reproduce?

Answer: Plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Sexual reproduction involves the formation of seeds through the fertilization of ovules by pollen. Asexual reproduction occurs through methods such as vegetative propagation (e.g., runners, tubers, and cuttings).

19. What is the significance of the classification system in understanding biodiversity?

Answer: The classification system helps in organizing and categorizing the immense diversity of life forms, making it easier to study their relationships, evolutionary history, and ecological roles. It aids in identifying species, understanding their interactions, and conserving biodiversity.

20. How does classification help in scientific research and conservation efforts?

Answer: Classification provides a framework for identifying and categorizing organisms, which is crucial for research, conservation, and management. It helps scientists track species diversity, monitor endangered species, and implement conservation strategies effectively.

These questions cover a broad range of topics related to the diversity in living organisms and provide a foundational understanding for Class 9 Science.